As this program has shown, today’s cybersecurity defences are more advanced, and more strained, than ever. This closing session steps back to assess the current state of cybersecurity: what is still working, what is quietly failing, and why rising complexity, AI, and interconnected infrastructure are pushing existing models to their limits. It then looks ahead to the challenges emerging on the horizon and outlines what must evolve next to move from reactive defence toward resilient, sustainable cybersecurity for the years ahead.